ํ‹ฐ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ ๋ทฐ

CPU๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

 

single-cylce, multi-cycle, pipelined, super-pipelined, superscalar ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ

 

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  CPU์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ Interrupt๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ๋„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค.

 

precise interrupt ์™€ imprecise interrupt ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.

 


Tanenbaum & Woodhull, Operating System: Design and Implementation

์œ„์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ Precise Interrupt์™€ Imprecise Interrupt์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์€ ๋๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์œ ์‹ฌํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž.

 

1. Precise Interrupt

- PC ์ด์ „์˜ Instruction์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹คํ–‰์ด ๋๋‚œ ์ƒํƒœ์ด๋‹ค. fully executed

- PC ์ดํ›„์˜ Instruction์€ ์•„์ง ์ „ํ˜€ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

- Interrupt handling์˜ ํŽธ์˜์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, OS ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌ (ex: RISC-V)

 

2. Imprecise Interrupt

- Instruction์ด ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ overlapped execution
- CPU์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์ค‘์ธ Instruction ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ํŽ‘ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฉด, ์ด๋ฏธ CPU์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  Instruction์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด handling์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ.
= really expensive

- Interrupt๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ €ํ•˜

- Interrupt handling์„ ์œ„ํ•ด OS๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง.

 


์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด, Imprecise Interrupt๊ฐ€ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Interrupt๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด or ๋“œ๋ฌธ๋“œ๋ฌธ Interrupt์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚จ๋‹ค๋ฉด, pipelined๋‚˜ superscalar์˜ ์žฅ์ ์ธ ๋†’์€ Performance๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ด๋“์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

 

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์“ฐ๋Š” CPU๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ pipelined๋‚˜ superscalar์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Imprecise Interrupt๋ฅผ ํ•ธ๋“ค๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค...

 


์ ๊ฒ€ Quiz

1. ( T / F ) Imprecise Interrupt ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ OS ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

2. ( T / F ) Superscalar CPU์—์„œ๋Š” Imprecise Interrupt๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

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